Human cells have 23 pairs of large linear nuclear chromosomes, giving a total of 46 per cell. In addition to these, human cells have many hundreds of copies of the mitochondrial genome. Sequencing of the human genome has provided a great deal of information about each of the chromosomes. Below is a table compiling statistics for the chromosomes, based on the Sanger Institute's human genome information in the Vertebrate Genome Annotation (VEGA) database.[28] Number of genes is an estimate as it is in part based on gene predictions. Total chromosome length is an estimate as well, based on the estimated size of unsequenced heterochromatin regions.
| Chromosome | Genes | Total bases | Sequenced bases[29] |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 3,148 | 247,200,000 | 224,999,719 |
| 2 | 902 | 242,750,000 | 237,712,649 |
| 3 | 1,436 | 199,450,000 | 194,704,827 |
| 4 | 453 | 191,260,000 | 187,297,063 |
| 5 | 609 | 180,840,000 | 177,702,766 |
| 6 | 1,585 | 170,900,000 | 167,273,992 |
| 7 | 1,824 | 158,820,000 | 154,952,424 |
| 8 | 781 | 146,270,000 | 142,612,826 |
| 9 | 1,229 | 140,440,000 | 120,312,298 |
| 10 | 1,312 | 135,370,000 | 131,624,737 |
| 11 | 405 | 134,450,000 | 131,130,853 |
| 12 | 1,330 | 132,290,000 | 130,303,534 |
| 13 | 623 | 114,130,000 | 95,559,980 |
| 14 | 886 | 106,360,000 | 88,290,585 |
| 15 | 676 | 100,340,000 | 81,341,915 |
| 16 | 898 | 88,820,000 | 78,884,754 |
| 17 | 1,367 | 78,650,000 | 77,800,220 |
| 18 | 365 | 76,120,000 | 74,656,155 |
| 19 | 1,553 | 63,810,000 | 55,785,651 |
| 20 | 816 | 62,440,000 | 59,505,254 |
| 21 | 446 | 46,940,000 | 34,171,998 |
| 22 | 595 | 49,530,000 | 34,893,953 |
| X (sex chromosome) | 1,093 | 154,910,000 | 151,058,754 |
| Y (sex chromosome) | 125 | 57,740,000 | 22,429,293 |
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromosome
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